7. Motivation

7. Motivation

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1. Focusing thinking

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Introduction

  • 1. Introduction to the course
  • Image: My model of a Learning Episode
  • 2. The benefits of online courses
  • 3. Getting the most out of the course
  • 4. Where are you at?

Three theories

  • 1. A word of warning
  • 2. A simple model of memory
  • 3. Learning is a change in long-term memory
  • Research: Why Minimal Guidance During Instruction Does Not Work
  • 4. Cognitive Load Theory
  • 5. Cognitive overload
  • 6. A common misunderstanding
  • 7. Two criticisms of Cognitive Load Theory
  • Podcast: Helen Williams - part 1
  • Podcast: Helen Williams - part 2
  • Podcast: Jules Daulby
  • 8. Cognitive Load Theory in other subjects
  • Document: Cognitive load theory in practice
  • 9. The Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning
  • 10. Dual-Coding Theory
  • 11. Do you want to know more?

Five big lessons

  • Lesson 1 - the difference between learning and performance
  • Research: Learning Versus Performance: An Integrative Review
  • Lesson 2 - problem solving may not be an effective learning strategy
  • Research: Consequences of history-cued and means-end strategies in problem solving
  • Lesson 3 - working memory needs to be filled with the right stuff
  • Research: Cognitive Architecture and Instructional Design
  • Lesson 4 - successful thinking requires knowledge in long-term memory
  • Research: ACT: A simple theory of complex cognition
  • Lesson 5 - silly mistakes might not be silly
  • Five big lessons - reflection

Practical changes: introduction

  • Introduction

The modality principle

  • 1. The modality principle - what is the problem?
  • Research: Research‐Based Principles for Designing Multimedia Instruction
  • Research: Reducing Cognitive Load by Mixing Auditory and Visual Presentation Modes
  • 2. The modality principle - what is the solution?
  • Link: Tim Brzezinski's GeoGebra resources
  • Link: mathwarehouse.com
  • 3. Does this mean we cannot write things down???

Split-attention effect: introduction

  • Introduction to the Split-Attention Effect
  • Research: Reducing Cognitive Load by Mixing Auditory and Visual Presentation Modes

Split-attention effect: text and diagrams

  • 1. Text and diagrams - the problem
  • Resource: AQA GCSE topic tests
  • 2. Text and diagrams - the solution?
  • 3. The modality principle and split-attention effect combined

Split-attention effect: useful talk

  • 1. Useful talk - the problem
  • 2. Useful talk - the solution?

Split-attention effect: teacher movement

  • 1. Movement - the problem
  • 2. Movement - the solution?

Split-attention effect: summary

  • Split-Attention Effect - summary

Redundancy effect: introduction

  • Introduction to the Redundancy Effect
  • Research: Cognitive Architecture and Instructional Design

Redundancy effect: text

  • 1. Redundant text - the problem
  • Resource: Going for gold GCSE problem solving
  • 2. Redundant text - the solution?

Redundancy effect: useless talk

  • 1. Useless talk - the problem
  • 2. Useless talk - the solution?
  • 3. A quick word about silence

Redundancy effect: visual overload

  • 1. Visual overload - the problem
  • Research: Keep it Coherent: A Meta-Analysis of the Seductive Details Effect
  • 2. Visual overload - the solution?

Redundancy effect: what are they thinking about?

  • 1. A lesson...
  • 2. Willingham's insights
  • Article: Students Remember ... What They Think About
  • Book: Why don't students like school?
  • 3. Other examples
  • 4. Real-life contexts
  • Research: When Do Girls Prefer Football to Fashion? An analysis of female underachievement in relation to ‘realistic’ mathematic contexts
  • 5. The worst I have ever seen
  • 6. Seemed a good idea at the time
  • 7. Motivation
  • Book: The hidden lives of learners
  • Blog: Motivating students about maths
  • Research: Intrinsic Motivation and Achievement in Mathematics in Elementary School: A Longitudinal Investigation of Their Association
  • 8. What I do now
  • Resource: sharing in a ratio
  • Website: SSDD Problems
  • 9. Good contexts?
  • Activity: Angle battleships

Redundancy effect: summary

  • Redundancy effect - summary

Classroom displays

  • 1. Two questions...
  • 2. Issue 1 - Time
  • Link: Teacher workload survey 2016
  • 3. Issue 2 - distraction - examples
  • 4. Research into distractions
  • Research: Costs of Selective Attention: When Children Notice What Adults Miss
  • Research: Classroom displays - attraction or distraction? Evidence of impact on attention and learning from children with and without autism
  • Research: Visual Environment, Attention Allocation, and Learning in Young Children: When Too Much of a Good Thing May Be Bad Thing
  • 5. Alternate views
  • Research: Clever classrooms : Summary report of the HEAD project
  • 6. Issue 3 - effect on memory - examples
  • 7. Research into the effect on memory
  • Research: Strengthening the student toolbox
  • 8. Knowledge organisers
  • Resource: Knowledge organisers
  • LINK: Knowledge organisers from Colleen Young
  • 9. Different ideas outside of the classroom
  • 10. If I had no money
  • 11. If I had loads of money
  • 12. It's catching on
  • 13. Displays - reflection

Focusing thinking: summary

  • Focusing thinking summary
  • Resource: Cognitive load theory in practice

Useful links from others: Cognitive Load Theory

  • Article: Story of a research program
  • Article: Cognitive Load Theory and its classroom applications
  • Video: John Sweller - ACE Conference/researchED Melbourne
  • Blog: Free cognitive load theory resources
  • Podcast series: A conversation with John Sweller
  • researchED Durrington 2020 Clare Sealy: Memory and Cognitive Overload - a practical session
  • Research: From Cognitive Load Theory to Collaborative Cognitive Load Theory

Useful links from others: Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning

  • Video: Mayer's Theory of Multimedia Learning
  • Video: How to optimize students' learning? Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning
  • Blog: Cognitive Theory Of Multimedia Learning summary
  • Research: Research‐Based Principles for Designing Multimedia Instruction

Useful links from others: Dual-Coding Theory

  • Video: Adam Boxer - Dual Coding for Teachers Who Can’t Draw: Improving Every Teacher’s Explanations
  • Video: An introduction to Dual Coding Theory
  • Video and Q&A: Dual Coding To Organise Ideas
  • Free Course: Dual Coding by Oliver Caviglioli (Seneca Learning)
  • Resource: Dual-coding course module diagrams by Oliver Caviglioli
  • Blog: Dual Coding Mistakes

Conclusion

  • 1. Where to next?
  • 2. My online courses
  • My online courses
  • Feedback form
  • Course certificate

Useful links - from me

  • My research paper collection
  • Book: How I wish I'd taught maths
  • Book: Reflect, Expect, Check, Explain
  • Mr Barton Maths website
  • Mr Barton Maths Podcast
  • Diagnostic Questions
  • Variation Theory
  • SSDD Problems
  • Maths Venns